About Altitude Training
About Altitude Training
Q:  Who uses altitude training?

A:  Almost all top athletes in individual endurance sports and many sports teams use altitude training.  
Athletes are too numerous to list, but include champion athletes such as cyclists Lance Armstrong and
George Hincapie;  marathon world record holder Paula  Radcliffe; three-time iron man champion Peter
Reid, the Philadelphia Flyers hockey team, the Ohio State Buckeyes football team, Canadian Winter
Olympic teams, and many more.
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Q:  What sports and activities does it help with?

A:  Altitude training benefits any sport or activity where aerobic oxygen delivery is at a premium, including
  • running
  • cycling
  • climbing
  • rowing
  • swimming
  • speed skating
  • triathalon
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  • boxing and mixed martial arts
  • skiing
  • soccer
  • hockey
  • basketball
  • football
  • hockey
Q:  What results will I get?

A:  Even well-trained athletes can break through performance plateaus using altitude training.  Using
Live High-Train Low (HiLo) training (the gold standard of altitude training) average speed, power and
endurance increases of 2-7% have been reported in a
multitude of scientific studies.  Here are some
examples:

  • A controlled study of HiLo training showed increases in VO2 Max (maximum oxygen uptake rate)  
    of 5%, 9% increase in red cell mass,  and 3.9% improvement in 5K time
  • Average improvement of 3.3% in running economy (decrease in oxygen demand) at moderate
    running speeds after 20 days of Live High-Train Low training in elite distance runners
  • A significant increase of 7.0% in the mean maximal oxygen uptake per kilogram body weight
    (VO2max), and 7.4% increase in the mean maximal power output per kilogram body weight
    (Wmax)

Typical improvements reported by Higher Peak runners are 10-15 seconds for 1 mile, 30-45 seconds in
5K, 1 minute to 90 seconds in 10K, and up to 15 minutes in marathon.  For cyclists, 10-12% increases
in sustained wattage.
Q:  Is simulated altitude training legal in my sport?  Is it fair and ethical?

A:    Altitude simulation is legal in all sports, the furthermore, the World Anti-Doping Agency has recently  
examined the issue and declared altitude training legal.  Training with altitude simulation provides the
benefit of altitude for athletes not able to live in elevated locations.  It would be unfair if athletes from
low-lying areas were not allowed to train at altitude.  The cost and time of moving to altitude is simply
prohibitive for many athletes, and altitude simulators in effect level the playing field.  Higher Peak is
bringing the cost of altitude training down to earth, so all athletes can benefit.  Some try to argue that
altitude simulation is comparable to taking synthetic EPO, but altitude training uses the body's natural
systems, not any chemicals.  Training of all types are meant to stimulate the body's natural systems --
just as we stress of muscles to stimulate the growth of muscles, we can stress our respiratory systems
to improve our oxygen delivery.  So is altitude training comparable to taking EPO?  No more than lifting
weights is comparable to taking muscle-building steroids.  WADA has suggested that altitude training
"violates the spirit of sport" because it is a "passive" training method.  But if that is true, how about
massage?  Nutrition?  Use of air conditioners to create a comfortable environment for training?  Ice
packs on injuries?  There are many routine practices that are "passive", and altitude training ultimate is
comparable to the ultimate passive act -- simply being lucky enough to live at high altitude.
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Q:  What is the difference between real and simulated altitude training?

A:  Simulated altitude training has some advantages over "real" altitude training.  When you live at high
altitude, you have to train at the same altitude.  However, it is difficult to achieve the high intensity
workouts you need at high altitude.  The principle of "live high train low" says that the best results come
from mixing high-altitude acclimatization with low-altitude training.  For those of use who cannot afford
to commute to the mountains on a daily basis, altitude simulation makes Hi-Lo training possible. On
the other hand,  the advantage of living in the mountains is that you get full-time exposure to mountain
air, which is difficult with an altitude simulator.  However, by spending 6-8 hours per night (or using the
mask during daytime activities), you can still effectively acclimatize to high altitude.
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Q:  What equipment do I need to get started?

A:  You need two things:

  • A source of hypoxic air
  • A way of delivering and containing the air for respiration

Everyone talks about altitude tents, but a tent is just a fancy air bag to hold the low-oxygen air so you can
breathe it.  The tent does not produce the air -- for that you need an altitude generator, such as the
Mountain Air Generator.  The altitude generator represents 95% of the cost of a typical altitude training
system.   It takes normal air and removes some of the oxygen, in a controlled fashion, to create oxygen-
deficient (hypoxic) air.  Such air contains 10-20% oxygen, compared to 21% in normal air at sea level.

The hypoxic air can be delivered to the user via a tent, a mask, a canopy, or similar device.  Or, an entire
room can be filled with the hypoxic air.  However you consume the air, mask, tent, or otherwise, you
need an altitude generator, and that's your main investment.
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